There are more than 200 volcanoes in Japan. The zip file contains the list of volcanoes in google kml file, csv file and a shape file format. The data on elevation and the year of its last eruption is provided. It could be helpful to study geology.
Japan is rich in water resources. The average annual precipitation is about 650 billion m3, out of which 420 billion m3 is the theoretical maximum that can be utilized for various purposes including hydropower generation. In 1951, the electricity business of Japan was handed to 10 regional power utilities. In 1995, the independent power producer (IPP) were allowed to sell electricity. According to NEF, by 2010 there were 1754 small and medium power plants (less than 30 MW). The feed-in tariffs for various types of hydro electricity, set after Fukoshima disaster, are as follows. (Ref: https://www.meti.go.jp/english/press/2016/0318_03.html)
Under 200 kw->Yen 34/24 (new construction/using exiting canal)
200-1000 kw-> Yen 29/21
1000-30,000kw->Yen 24/14
The feed in tariffs are lucrative. However, the hydropower development in Japan is not straightforward due to fragmented government offices requiring permissions from multiple agencies.
River legislation and management
The new “River Law” started since 1964 to manage water resources in Japan. It has been revised multiple times.
The River Law classifies the rivers into two categories- A and B. Class A rivers are administered by the Minister of Construction (MLIT). There are 17798 rivers grouped into 109 river systems in this category totaling to about 87,150km. Class B rivers are administered by the prefectural government. There are 6,631 rivers grouped in 2,691 river systems in this category totaling to about 35,700 km. Some section of rivers (both A and B) may be administered by local cities or villages.
Once the water is extracted from the river, it is managed by other laws. A list of ministries and agencies handling the water resource are listed in table below:
MILIT
It is responsible for over all water resource development
MOE
Development of guidelines, policy and planning for water conservation and setting of water quality standards.
Ministry of health
Regulation of domestic water supply facilities
METI
Regulation of industrial water supply facilities
Ministry of agriculture
Regulation of agricutural water and conservation of forest water resorces
Japan water agency
It is responsible for the supply of safe, quality water at a reasonable price. It is engaged in the construction and refurbishment of major dams for water utilization (for domestic, industrial and agricultural use) and river management purposes (flood control, maintenance and environmental flow).
Inter-ministerial Liaison Council
This is responsible to study how procedures could be simplified fir water resource development
Base on:
Small and Micro-Scale Hydropower in Japan by Yveline Lecler
While conducting multi variable analysis, it may be useful to see how the output changes due to change in inputs. For example humidity, temperature and water-level may change the deflection of dam. Cobweb plot combined with normal distribution will help to visualize the risks easily. An example of such plot is shown below.
An octave (or matlab) code to generate such plot is given below. Basically, it requires to plot each entity separatly. The data should be normalized to set equal scale.
Once born we slowly evolve physically by gaining tissues and bones. The food we eat is transformed into the machinaries of body. This indicates that the entropy or randomness decreases over time to create a useful thing. But once we cross certain age decay starts and the biological machinaries starts to disfunction. It seems decay and dissolution is the final destiny. And in long term degeneration is imenent.
If so how about the evolution theory? Why should a simple being evolve to a complex one? More natural way would be a complex being degenerate into simple ones. Because this is the way we observe, its easy to break things than to create one. May be we human too are degenerated form of more complex superhumans, not the complex form of monkeys.